Example Debutante Speech

Common Errors of logic II

Continuing with the list drawn up in the previous post (Some ) Common errors of logic "let's add some more to it.

In the current post we will try what call "cognitive biases " or even "cognitive biases " which is basically how we all interpret reality, which is not otherwise never 100% corresponds to reality itself. We call

prejudice to the decision-making without a history or previous experience, such prejudices have favored over the history of our evolution (not very useful to sit down to think to deal with the threat of a predator), but these prejudices in some cases generate conflicts, especially in societies that are increasingly remote from nature. We can therefore say that a prejudice is the form that has the consciousness to process information without having to think about it all.

An example of these prejudices or judgments store is for example the existence of a flow of electrons in the electricity, which everyone believes untestable even with the naked eye and it would be feasible that each of us tried.

Let's see some of the "failure" or prejudices that we all flaunt every day:

• disconfirmation Prejudice or disagreement: Unlike the so-called confirmation bias (or naive empiricism) cited in the previous post, this is a trend towards a critical examination of the information when it contradicts our core beliefs
• selective perception: It is our tendency to perceive reality according to the anxieties, hopes and dreams,
• Bandwagon Effect also called entrainment or winning wagon effect: The tendency to believe something because other people believe, or instead give a theory that no one follows.
• the false consensus effect: When we believe that our habits and beliefs are more widespread among the population than they really are. Is an application of confirmatory bias or selective perception to our beliefs. Bias
• comprehensive choice: The tendency to remember our choices as better than they actually were. Prejudice
• information: When faced with a decision we tend to seek information, even when this may not be relevant or affect the decision to make. It creates an effect that makes them believe more information on reasoning and / or completion are easier or truthful.
• compatibility Prejudice: The tendency to test hypotheses exclusively through direct evidence.
• contrast effect: One of the things we humans like to compare, this bias is the enhancement or reduction in quality or extent of an object when compared with other recently observed.

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